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The Act of Settlement extended the earlier Bill of Rights by providing further separation of the roles of the Crown, House of Commons and the Judiciary, and also by making the monarch's powers conditional on the approval of Parliament. An important provision that is still in effect in the higher courts provides that judges, once appointed, hold office 'during good behaviour'; that is, their posts do not have to be renewed subject to the approval of either parliament or the Crown. The Act also provided that holders of posts appointed by the monarch could not sit in the Commons. The name of the Act derives from the fact that it gives Parliament the right to intervene in the 'settlement' (or inheritance) of the Crown.

See: Constitutional legislation